1. Electromagnetic waves that are used for satellite communications and mobile phones 

        are microwaves. 

        Microwaves can go through glass and plastics.

        Infrared is reflected by shiny surfaces.

        Infrared waves have shorter wavelength than microwaves.

   2.  How Science Works

        Scientists say that microwaves from mobile phones can warm the brain, this is based on data.

   3.  Higher tier only:

        Microwaves penetrate the outer layers of food. The kinetic energy of water molecules

        increases. This energy is transferred to the rest of the food by conduction and convection.

   4.  Effects on human's health:

        Microwaves: burning, may warm the brain (from using mobile phones). 

        Infrared: burning.